Gum disease starts with bacteria and plaque build up on your teeth, which extends into your gums. Though the mouth bacteria of a person with diabetes may be the same as someone without diabetes, a person with diabetes has a greater inflammatory response to the bacteria. Additionally, gum disease can make it increasingly difficult for a diabetic to control blood sugars. Diabetes causes a change to blood vessels, affecting the flow of nutrients. It also affects how waste is removed from body tissues, weakening gums and bones, and making the body more susceptible to infection. Poor blood sugar control makes it harder for your immune system to fight infection.
Some signs that may indicate gum disease are:
- Red, swollen or bleeding gums.
- Loose or sensitive teeth.
- Bad breath.
- Receding gums.
Taking steps to avoid or improve gum disease can help maintain blood glucose levels. Brush and floss daily, including the tongue, which can harbor plaque-causing bacteria. Avoid acidic and sugary drinks- water is your friend! And make sure to visit your dentist regularly to monitor changes in gum health, and help catch any issues before they worsen. Your dentist is a big part of your diabetes management team!